Steam generator



Jan. 12, 1932.

T. VUlA ET A L 8 Sheets-Sheet 14n mu ldlll I I .0 x. A llllll y .a 0H n li qllr Jan. 12, 1932. T. vu lA ET AL.

STEAM GENERATOR Filed Jan. 1s, 19.29 evsneets-sneez 2 Figa .l i5 O i is 1 2.2. 1 l@ O O L 5 O 15 4 5 14 o O s O v o s 1o It T. VUlA ET AL Jan. 12, 1932.

S TEAM GENERATOR 8 Sheets-Sheet Filed dan. 18, 1929 n 25m M V E35 Jan. 12, 193?.l T, VU|A ET AL 1,841,230

' STEAM GENERATOR Filed Jan.. 18. 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 12, 1932. T. vulA ET Al. 1,841,230

' A STEAM GENERATOR Filed Jan. 18, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 '1 1 vulA ET AL STEAM GENERATOR Jan. l2, 1932.

Filed Jan. 18,I 1929 8 .Sheets-Sheet 7 STEAM GENERATOR 8 Sheets'Sheet 8 Filed Jan. 18, 1929 Figa Patented Jan. 12, 1932 r-TNT f STEAM" snnnnjnron Application maritimen 1s, 1929,` sriainozfeaazve; ami nrmeyanary 21,1926.

ators of the type comprising a centraligni-v tion chamber around which are'V arranged with rooms in which water and steam` ci-r culate. M` f Y Thev improvements consistin the main in multiplying the heat yexchanging surfaces by partitioning-the rooms for circulation of the fluids this increase being obtained within the smaller space and with the smallest weight.

According to this invention, partitions are inserted in the middle'of each of said'rooms of whatever'kind, said partitions'forcing'the circulating iiuid to pass twice in the vertical direction (downwards and upwards or viceversa). l. I f

Another feature of the invention: consists in providing the cover. of the central combustion chamber with a sparking plug/opposite to the burner and atthe point where the burning gases issue'ffromr the ignition cham- 25 ber to circulate inthe concentric combustion chambers. On accountlofv the speed of streams of thecirculating burning. gases, aqzoneof ydepression.arises. in' which the temperature is the lowest. The sparking plugiplacedneajr this zone is therefore not exposedy to deteriog meansgof tubular cutters of suitable diamration. Y u s. i

This improved generator presents further# morefollowing features: f 1. The annular concentric rooms consistfof 35annular cavities hollowed by any suitable means, but preferably by means oftubular cutters of suitable ,diameters steel which forms the body of thegenerator. These annular rooms may lioweverbe made also of weldedy tubes. Y. n, 2. The cylindrical body formingthecen tralcoxnbustion chamber is made ofV a'smetal resisting perfectly to high temperatures'pre'f- 'erably of nickel-chrome'steel, this cylindri# cal bodyacts 'as an heat regulator. 'f

By the combination of these two means, an apparatus is obtained absolutely tight and resisting perfectly to highpressures and high temperatures.,

In the accompanying drawings several emconcentrically a plurality of annular combus-` tion chambers, said chambers alternating' Y `of Aannular combustion chambers (four .in

'in a piece ofy `bers. are` also; divided `in two compartments Aby.suitable partitions .Gand 9 which are welded to the bottom 28 of the generator.

` thevhotrgases through thegenerator is con-` bodimentsof this invention have been sho'wn diagrammatically. by way of examples.,:. l

Figure lis a longitudinall section through al1-embodiment of vthe'improvedv steam lgenerator;` Q, n 'i f 55 Figure 2 is an' endview of the `salme with partial cross section; v

Figures, l and 6 are diagrammatic-Views ofi-three; different embodiments ;V n

Figure 5 is a section taken along lineVe-fV 60 of Figure 4e; l Figuresf and ,8 aresectione taken along` lines VIL-VII `and VIII-#VIII of Figurev 6. As shown'on Figures 1f and 2, this-'steam generator consists of a!` plurality (fthree in '65,

this' example.) of-annular rooms 1; 2 and-- 3 1n; which circulate water and steam (said rooms being limited by the circular lwz'rlls 4- -6,f7-9` and 10 12)' -of a suit-able number 7U the example illustrated) 14,15, land 17, of

afgasV collectorjQY-and of amcentral ignition gchamberl. f c

The annular' rooms1 ,f2 and 3H on one hand and thechambers 14, 15,16 and 17 in the other v75 handconsist,l according to this invention; of

lcavities 1 withjsuitable cross-section cut in a steel block Afmjmingthe body of the generator Pfope" m i o i i' In fvorder tovgreduce thev thickness ofthe circulating water sheet, the water rooms i 1'-, 2

andA 3are divided; respectivelyby partitions S5 5, y8; and-11 in vtwo compartments communi-f catingwith onev another only'by oneof their ends.l 11n-:the embodiment shownginfthe draw- `ings,thesepartitions 5, 8 vandll, are formed by ,concentrical,- cylindrical tubes welded to i90; V. ari11g -31 attached byanysuitablev means to the cover 429 ofthe apparatus Y y Y c ,Y `lThe combustionfandgas circulation cham` On account of these compartments in the' annular combustion j chambers, the path of siderably increased which results in anin .100

Y fuel only when starting.

crease of the heat transmission coeiiicient to the circulating water sheet. As, on the other hand, the thickness of this sheet is reduced by a similar division in compartments of the annular water rooms 1, 2 and 3, the productionof steam is practically instantaneous in this steam generator. Experience hasshown that the ratio of evaporation per square meter of heating surface and per hour is five to ten times greater with this steam generator than with the ordinary boilers.

The central ignition chamber 13 consists of a cylindrical tube 18 screwed inthe bottom 28 and made of a heat resistingfmetal, preferably of nickel-chrome steel. The other end of this tube is atY some distance of the sparking plug which ignites the mixture of air and The body of the apparatus is clad'with an exterior housing 19 provided with a ring 30V attached by means of bolts to the cover 29.

The above described generator operates Vas follows The fuel fed 4int'othe generator may be a mixture of air and liquid or solid fuel. Gaseous fuel from a gas producer, or from .the combustion of coal on a grate with air blast, located under the central chamber may also be used. This mixture of air and fuel is blown at`20 into the central ignition chamber 13 where it is ignited when starting either by means of the sprak plug 21 or by suitable means.

any other The combustion takes place in the annular chambers 14, 15,' 16 and17 and the gases es-,

Ythe annular outer compartment of the water 4room 2.' V'After' having passed-through the inner annular compartment of said room, the

i water enters' the inner annular compartment of the water room 3. It then Yenters the inner compartment of this room and leaves the steam generatorat 26 as superheated steam. The circulation of the hot gases lis identical with that of the water, but in the reverse di- VVrection'of the water; to be evaporated, and it has the advantage that a meanltemperature "is establishedvin each of the annular com-` partments of the steam generator considered. The coldest water circulates thus inthe annular room 1 next to the periphery 5' the coldest gases circulate likewise in the annular gas chamber 17 which acts as a casing for said water-room.

In other words in this steam generator the temeprature of the water to be evaporated rises gradually as it passesV from the ype- Y erator considered is the arrangement of the spark plug 21 on the top of the central portion of the generator body and in registry kwith the center line of the cylindrical f tube 18'which vacts as central'igniting chamber. riihis arrangement of the sparking plugv 1s capital for its preservation as the temperature in the centralV ignition room is very high (up to 1700A C.) and the end of the plug exposed tosuch temperature might melt quickly.

According to this invention this is avoided by locating the end of the spark plug at a small distance oftheupper end of the tube 18v 'and in registry with its axis i. e. in 'a spot where, on account'of the rapid circulation of the heating gases a depression arises Thehot gases when passing from the central chamber 13 to the combustion chamber 14 9.0

have .a tendency to deiiecttowards the lower endl of the cylindrical tube 18 creating thereby in the center of the outlet of said tube a zone in which on account of above mentioned depression thel temperature remains within limits which permit the preservation of the sparking plug. v

`The embodiment of' the steam generator just described is disclosed only by way of example; it is subject to alterations in its details without departing from the scope of this invention.-

n Thefsteam andwater circulating rooms may consistV of a lseries ofannular rooms ythe wallsvof which have a dianietral section in* form of a coil (Fig. 3) or bya series of cylindrical perforations 32 (Figs. 4 and 5) connected at-theirupper ends by means of annular rooms 33, 34 and 35 and at the bottom v by the annular rooms 38 and 39 (closed by 5110 Y means of annular caps which may be screwed 'or welded thereto); the latter rooms may be substituted by elbows connecting two by two the perforations belonging respectively to two circular concentric series. These perforations may -as'a whole affect in diametrical section the form of a coil (Fig.4).

The water. and steam' circulating rooms may also be formed by a combination of an- 120 nular chambers. (shown on Fig.-

with the vertical-.conduits system (shown onFig".v 4). This Vcombination is Vshown o n Figures 6, 7 and i8. I nthe latte'rlembodiment, the conduitsfor the circulation of waterv and steam M25 are formed by tubes 40 connected at the top with the same annular rooms 3334 as in the embodiment shown on Figs. 4 and 5 and connected at their lower end by the annular Vroom 38. Y 'if What We claim is: s A steam generator of the type referred to (a comprising in combination a centr-al ignition chamber, heating means placed in said chamber, a plurality of annular combustion chambers arranged concentrically around sai-d ignition chamber, a plurality of circulation rooms for Water and steam alternating With the combustion chambers, partitions positioned in each of said annular chambers and circulation rooms so as to force the combustion gases, Water and steam to pass twiceY through each of the annular chambers and circulation rooms respectively, said annular chambers and circulation rooms having their inlets and outlets positioned so that the direction of circulation of the combustion gases is the reverse of that of Water and steam.

In testimony whereof We have signed our naines to this specification.

TRAJAN VUIA. Y i EMMANUEL YVONN EAU. 

